THE CHEMISTRY OF FAT SOLUBLE VITAMIN


THE CHEMISTRY OF FAT SOLUBLE VITAMIN  

TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER ONE 

Introduction 

classification 

CHAPTER TWO 

Fat soluble vitamin

Sources of  fat soluble vitamin

CHAPTER THREE 

The chemistry of fat soluble vitamin on

Chemical formula

Chemical nature.

CHAPTER FOUR 

Health implication 

References 

CHAPTER ONE 

The term vitamin was derived from vitamin A combination word made up by polish scientist Casmir flunk from vital amine, meaning amine of life.

It was suggested that in 1912 that the organic micronutrient food factors that prevent beriberi and perhaps other similar dietary deficiency disease might be chemical amines (Bellens  jw, 2008).

This proved incorrect for the micronutrient class and the word was shortened to vitamin.

Vitamin can be defined as nutrient in food that are critical for ensuring your body’s continued health and operation. Vitamin may also be defined as an amount by an organism.

vitamin by definition are convertible to the active form of the body and are sometimes interconcertible not include other essential nutrient  such as dietary minerals, essential fatty acid or essential amino acid which are need in large amounts than in vitamin and does not include the large number of other nutrient that promote health but are otherwise required less often.

However, vitamin have been produced as commodity chemicals and made widely available as in expensive semi-synthetic and synthetic sources multi-vitamin dietary and food supplement and additive (Hoboken john wiley, 2006)

CLASSIFICATION OF FAT SOLUBLE VITAMINS

Vitamins are classified according to their solubility, namely; the fat soluble vitamins and the water soluble vitamins A, D, E and K. while the water soluble vitamins include vitamin C (ascorbic acid) and B complex which include thiamin iriboflavin, niacin, puridoxine, cobalamin, panthotenic and folic acid, chlorine, inositol and biotin.

Fat soluble vitamin being soluble simply means having the ability to dissolve in water. Therefore fat soluble vitamins can dissolve in fat, and water soluble vitamins have the ability to dissolve in water.

The fat-soluble vitamins tends to be stored in the body in moderate amounts compared to water –soluble vitamins, and they are normally excreted in the urine (Davis et al., 1984)

Each vitamin is designated by its own letter. Donating particular vitamins by a letter makes it both easy to identify and of course, quicker to write. For example ascorbic acid is given the letter “c” these designations are less cumbersome, yet still convey the vitamins that we may have heard of and their letter designations.

Vitamins A:- this is a collective term for Retinols and related compounds. 

Vitamins B complex – A group of more than a dozen water- soluble substances.

Vitamin C – ascorbic acid

Vitamin D – Ergocalaterol

Vitamin E – tocopherol and other related compound with antioxidant activity.

Vitamin K – phytonadione and others in this group of structurally related compound s with promote blood clotting

Letter and number designations of vitamins 

LETTER AND NUMBER CHEMICAL NAME

Vitamins A1 Retinol

Vitamins A2 Dehydro retinol

Vitamins B2 Thiamine 

Vitamins B2 Riboflavin 

Vitamins B6 Pyridoxine, pyridoxal, and pyradoxamine 

Vitamins B12 Cynanocobalamin

Vitamins D2 Eraocal ciferol

Vitamins D3 Cholecaleferol

Vitamins K1 Phytonadione

Vitamins K2 Menaquinone

Vitamins K3 Menodione

(MC cormick, 1989)

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