PREVALENCE OF INTESTINAL PARASITES ON FRUITS AVAILABLE IN POST – OFFICE ILORIN, KWARA – STATE, NIGERIA
ABSTRACT
The study to determine the parasitological contamination of fruits was carried out in post office Ilorin, three different types of fruits wee sampled and all were infected with helminthes eggs. Using sedimentation analysis. This suggesting existence of a great risk of acquiring intestinal parasites by eating improperly washed fruits.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Title page
Certification
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Table of Contents
Lists of Tables
Abstracts
CHAPTER ONE
Introduction and Literacy review
Epidemiology studies
Literature review
CHAPTER TWO
Materials and Methods
Sample collection
Sample analysis
CHAPTER THREE
Results
CHAPTER FOUR
Discussion
Conclusion
Recommendation
References
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1: Parasitic profile of each fruits sample examined from post office market in Ilorin.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION AND LITERACY REVIEW
Indigenous fruits are known to play major role in the nutrient livelihood of the religion population especially in the rural area where there is poor socio-economic condition (Adeboye and Adebayo 2008).
Unfortunately, people do not wash them properly before eating. The climate and topography of south – west Nigeria are suitable for growth of these fruits thought-out the year, using rain during wet season ad irrigation during dry season. These two sources of water was highly polluted with human and animal faced which represent high risk to farmers and consumes of fruits products.
Markets fruits are often contaminated by eggs of human intestine nematodes where human and animal faeces are extensively used as fertilize and refuse waste water. This indirect reserve of river water contains a substantial percentage of munipal refuse and sewage. This practice is gaining prominence in Nigeria as a result of the crowing cost of mineral fertilizer and high demand of basis fruits as a nutrient diet due to poor. Socio – economic condition (Damen and Ban wat 2007).
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES
This have indicated that area of south west Nigeria are characterized by endemic inlmthid disiasen in population where raw untreated waste water imgated fmits generthy eaten unwashed and uncoked, my lead to parasite infestation (egah 2007)
In this content of fmits and porapties there is need for these avaneas with this increasing population, poor socio-economic conditions, urbanization and poor sanitation parasites living organisms which receive nourishment and shelter from other organism (hosts) where they live parasite is one of the “NATURE HANGMENT” because parasitic disease continue to be a major public health problem all over the world with associated high degree of morbidity and mortality.
According to WHO, parasites are one of the leading cause of death after HIV/AIDS and also tuberculosis. One out of ten living persons suffers from one or more seven major tropical disease of which five are parasitic in nature, out of 60 millions deaths in the world, more than 25th are accounted to parasites and with necessary population, urbanization industrialization poor. Socio-economic condition and poor sanitation facilities in developing countries, deforestation, unplanned reforestation and climate changes, some diseases which were previously unrecognized are emerging (Arora and Arora 2002).
Ethnic eating habits, poverty, tourism to exotic areas and environmental regradation have lead to emergence of food borne parasitic infection (Arora and Arora 2008).
It has been estimated that human harbors about 300 species of parasites worms and areas. To species of protozoa some of these parasites may have been required from field especially raw fruits, water and animals. Common food borne parasites include three, types of worms (uzotodes tremeadodesand neonelodes and several protozoa (Zoyle, 2003).
Facilities in these developing country like Nigeria to improve the parasite potential effect on public and healthcare issue to economic. Consequences of peoples productivity and agricultural loss are not readily available. Therefore the general objectives of this work is to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites on some fruits at post – office of Ilorin.
LITERATURE REVIEW
- Abera et al (2010) Ereplorethe prevalence of intestinal parasites in food handlers of Ethiopia. One hundred and fifty eight (41.1%) food handlers had intestinal parasites of these, 25 (6.5%) were suffering from diarrhea. In his studies h found nine species of intestinal parasites, of parasites recovered two protozoa (E. histilytical 12.76% and G. Lanblia 7.0%) and seven helminthes (A. lumbricoides, 11.7%, hook work, 80%, S. Stercoralis; 2.86% S. Mansoni, 1.8%, Taenia species, 1.3%, H, Nana, 0.5% and T. trodera, 0.5%) were detected.
- Nyarango et al (2007) examined 168 stool samples and 84 vegetables and in Kisi region of Kenya. He found 65.5% of vegetables and 41.1% of tool samples were positive for intestinal parasites. Ascaris lambricoides and Entamoeba were most prevalent parasites in the region that were infecting the food stuff and the food handlers were giardia lanblia (2.61) and entamoeba histolytical (0.66%). More types of helminth were found in this study among other severe strongly loudest sites corelis, Trichuris trichuris and Asaris lonbricoides were predominant.
- Soares and Corner (2004) conducted study on lettuce, water cresu and arugula in florian no polis, Brazil. They found all vegetables were highly contaminated with parasites water cresu was most contaminated vegetable (70.4%) followed by lettuce (60%) and rocket (58%) parasites recovered from the study were mainly protozoa, Entamoeba spp. (76%) followed by Blastocystis (20%), Endolimax and biardia spp were T4% and 12.4% respectively. Daryani et al (2008) reported that consumption of raw vegetables is a major way in the transmission of parasites contaminations. They carried out a study in iron to determine parasitological contamination of vegetable in market gardens. They collected 96 vegetables from markets and 55 from graders, comprising a total of 141. The results showed that 50% of market and 71% of garden vegetables were contaminated with parasites.
.