IMPROPER MANAGEMENT OF AN ABATTOIR ITS EFFECT AND THE WAY OUT.
ABSTRACT
This study was carried out to evaluate the improper management of an abattoir in Ikpoba-Okha L.G.A Benin City, EdoState.
This study is to enable individuals, management of abattoir and Government to acknowledge what prevails in most abattoir as regards to the health affect associated with it and the possible ways such affects can be reduced to guarantee the health of merchant (worker) in the abattoir and the community at large.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Title Page……………………………………………………………….. i
Approval Page………………………………………………………….. ii
Certification……………………………………………………………… iii
Dedication………………………………………………………………. iv
Acknowledgement………………………………………………………. v
Abstract…………………………………………………………………. vi
Table of Content……………………………………………………….. vii
CHAPTER ONE
Background of Study…………………………………………………… 1
Statement of the Problem……………………………………………… 1
Significant of Study……………………………………………………… 2
Study Objective………………………………………………………….. 3
Research Question……………………………………………………… 4
CHAPTER TWO
Introduction………………………………………………………………. 6
Literature Review………………………………………………………… 7
CHAPTER THREE
Descriptive of the Study Area…………………………………………... 15
Study Design…………………………………………………………….. 16
Instrument design……………………………………………………….. 16
Study Setting and Sampling Technique……………………………… 17
Method of Data Collection……………………………………………… 17
Pilot Study………………………………………………………………... 18
Method of Analysis………………………………………………………. 18
Limitation of Study………………………………………………………. 18
CHAPTER FOUR
Introduction………………………………………………………………. 19
Presentation and Analysis of Data……………………………………. 19
CHAPTER FIVE
Appropriateness of Discussion and Interpretation/Generalization of Finding……………………………………………………………………. 32
Discussion……………………………………………………………….. 32
Recommendation………………………………………………………. 37
Conclusion………………………………………………………………. 38
Questionnaire…………………………………………………………… 40
References……………………………………………………………… 43
CHAPTER ONE
BACKGROUND OF STUDY
INTRODUCTION
Abattoir is derived from the French name which is commonly known as a slaughter house in the United States and much of the English speaking world. A slaughter house is a place where animals are butchered for food; it is very unpleasant but necessary because of our modem human food chain is connected with it. Through criticism of slaughter house do arises from time to time.
Slaughter house are tightly regulated by the government to day, but this was not always the case. In the 19th century, some cities began enacting sanitation reform to try and clean up slaughter houses and individual butchers, who dumped animal remains in near by water system and let the blood run out in the street. Eventually, strict government regulations further sanitized slaughter houses to the point where today they are relatively clean considering the work done there.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Obviously, the level of maintenance of hygiene in abattoir is very poor.
Improper management and non health education was being given to abattoir workers on the importance of good hygiene practices.
Worker with rough hands and legs go to the slaughter house to slaughter meat. The implication of this is spread of disease to man. During these processes meat get contaminated by meat handlers.
There were blockage in some part of the drains, with in the abattoir, and this will form the breeding ground for flies, rats and other germs found in the environment.
Improper management of abattoir is another problem in the environment. Workers in the abattoir practices poor personal hygiene that is putting on dirty clothes which remains from months to month with be wash. They do not wash their hands before and after the toilet and their finger nails are long and not clean.
Also poor environmental sanitation is another problem in which indiscriminately, dumping of refuse provides opportunities for flies breeding and food for scavengers.
SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
It is the researchers hope that the findings of this project will bring about better attention for workers in this abattoir and other related occupations. This study will also help to intensified the action of safety officers towards adequate health education at all stages of the production processes the improvement of working standards through organized control of those factors in our working environment which tends to exercise deleterious effect on man’s physical development, health and survival. This will in no doubt reduce ill-health among members of community, reduce the prevalence of some food borne diseases and some water borne diseases in Nigeria population.
It is possible that this research study will be of great benefit not only to the worker in abattoir but also to the aquatic life and the general citizenry, health inspectors and those whose field of interest is primarily with health, safety and welfare of worker also stand to benefit from this laudable and timely research work.
STUDY OBJECTIVES
The objectives of this study include the following.
To identify those factors which contribute to improper management of an abattoir To asses the level of personal hygiene practices among worker. To make appropriate recommendations to improve the existing standard. To find out the nature of hazard in the abattoir. To examine the health and welfare services provided by employers of this abattoir. To render useful recondition on the subject matter based on its findings.
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
A research study without research question is unfocussed and a random empirical wandering. The researcher therefore formulated the following questions.
1. Can continuous dumping of high level of abattoir waste lead to eutrophication?
2. Can periodic health and safety education help to reduce the incident of water borne disease?
3. Can frequent continuity of improper management of an abattoir lead to our break of disease.
4. Can abattoir be perfectly maintained?
5. What are the negative impacts that the discriminate disposal of effluent from abattoir has posed to the occupants of Ikpoba-Okha Local Government Area?
6. Can the wastewater disposed from abattoir lead to an outbreak of epidemic?
7. What can be done to ensure sanitary disposal and maintenances of abattoir?
8. Can abattoir waste lead to atmospheric pollution?
9. Can indiscriminate dumping at abattoir waste on land lead to soil leaching or soil salinity.
10. Can indiscriminate dumping of abattoir waste lead to underground and surface water pollution?
CHAPTER TWO
INTRODUCTION
Abattoir is commonly known as a slaughter house in the UnitedState and much of the English speaking world. A slaughter house regularly have a number of criticisms leveled against them, from animal right groups, but also other groups on the issues. Contamination is a major concern with slaughter house. For instances, fecal matter can contaminate the food, and other sanitation lapses are likely to occur. In 1996, the U.S Department of Agriculture (USDA) determined that in a number of beef samples taken from processing plants around the country, 7.5 percent were contaminated with salmonella, and 30 percent with Staphylococcus aureus.
The impact of high organic pollutants, on reports have also shown that indiscriminate disposal of the receiving waste and consequently creating high abattoir waste may introduce enteric pathogens into competition for pathogens isolate chemical oxygen demand (COD) value is far higher than from abattoir waste-waters can survived in the maximum limit of 80mgk set by Federal Environment and pose danger to humans and animals.
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