IMPACTS OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY (A Study of Global Soap and Detergent Company)
ABSTRACT
This research study focused on Impacts of Effective Communication on Organizational Performance in Manufacturing Industry with reference to Global Soap and Detergent Company.
Primary and secondary data were used in this study. A total of one hundred and fifteen (115) questionnaire copies were administered while eighty three (83) were returned but only eighty (80) copies were valid for analysis in this study. Statistical tools used in analyzing the data collected includes simple percentage analysis and Analysis of Variance with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS).
During the course of the research it was discovered that effective communication has significant impacts on volume of sales of Global Soap and Detergent. The study also revealed that effective communication contributes positively to organization’s productivity and that communication has a significant role to play in the success of a business organization.
The study concluded that effective communication can result to high level employee’s turnover or productivity. The study recommended that organization should endeavour to avoid or minimize miscommunication around the working environment, in other to achieve and maintain good relationship and mutual co-existence, between the top level management and lower level employees and management should also adopt the scope of motivation in Global Soap and Detergent Company.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE I
CERTIFICATION II
DEDICATION III
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT IV
ABSTRACT V
TABLE OF CONTENTS VI
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY 1
1.2 RESEARCH PROBLEM 3
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY 4
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS 5
1.5 RESEARCH HYPOTHESES 5
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY 6
1.7 SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY 6
1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS 7
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 INTRODUCTION 9
2.2 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK ON COMMUNICATION 11
2.3 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK OF COMMUNICATION 34
2.4 COMMUNICATION EFFICIENCY 37
2.5 COMMUNICATION FLOW IN INDUSTRY 48
2.6 PRODUCTIVITY IN THE MANUFACTURING ORGANIZATION 51
2.7 PROFIT MAXIMIZATION IN THE MANUFACTURING
ORGANIZATION 54
2.8 THE EFFECT OF COMMUNICATION ON CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR 56
2.9 BRIEF OVERVIEW ON GLOBAL SOAP AND DETERGENT 57
CHAPTER THREE RESEARCH METHODS
3.1 INTRODUCTION 59
3.2 RESEARCH DESIGN 59
3.3 POPULATION OF THE STUDY 60
3.4 SAMPLE SIZE AND SAMPLING TECHNIQUES 60
3.5 METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION 61
3.6 DATA COLLECTION INSTRUMENT 61
3.7 RELIABILITY OF INSTRUMENT 62
3.8 VALIDITY OF INSTRUMENT 62
3.9 METHOD OF DATA ANALYSIS 62
CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
4.1 INTRODUCTION 64
4.2 ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA 64
4.3 TESTING OF HYPOTHESES AND INTERPRETATION 79
4.4 DISCUSSION OF TESTED HYPOTHESES 81
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1 INTRODUCTION 82
5.2 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS 82
5.3 CONCLUSION 83
5.4 RECOMMENDATIONS 83
5.5 SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER STUDIES 84
REFERENCES 85
QUESTIONNAIRE 88
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
One of the uniqueness of the human person is the ability to objectify his thoughts and ideas through language. With the social evolution of language, especially speech language, man was able to widen the gap between him and the rest of the animal kingdom. Thus, language can be seen as a system of sounds, symbols and words for purposes of communication.
Communication touches every aspect of human activity. Business communication is any communication used to promote a product, service or organization, with the objective of making sale.
The impact of effective communication in every human organization cannot be over emphasized. It is reminiscent to the function of blood within the human physiology. This is because it is a process of creating, transmitting, disseminating and interpreting ideas, facts, messages, opinions, feelings and information between one person and the other. In fact, it is not an error of over claim to contend that the standard of an organization’s productivity and efficiency is directly and indirectly related to the standard of the communication system and networks.
According to Andersen (2001), enhancement of an organization's communication capabilities may influence performance through improved strategic decision making, better coordination of strategic actions and by facilitating learning from strategic initiatives. The power of communication approaches is further stressed by Juslin and Petri (2003) who studied the impact of communication of emotions in vocal expressions on music performance.
In other words, communication is a process that is essentially a sharing one - a mutual interchange between two or more persons that would ensure that the entire system functions as an organic whole (Hybel and Weaver II, 2001). It consists of the content which can be the factual information, discussion points, formal notices as well as the form of communication which are the memos, reports and bulletins, just to mention three. The media which can be face to face, written reports/memos, e-mail, fax, telephone, audio (radio) and audio-visual which is the TV sets are also crucial. In fact, in broadcasting, the medium is often said to be the message. This is to underlie the role and importance.
Alexander Ode (2009); defines communication as a process that makes common to two or several what was the monopoly of one or some. It is also defined as the process by which an individual (the sender) transmit stimuli to modify the behaviour of other individual (the audience).
Many organization today have capsized, some rapidly diminished, while some does not achieve the intended sales level because they do not have a good communication system.
1.2 RESEARCH PROBLEM
The promotion and improvement in the communication system of manufacturing industry is the sine qua non for its strength of character, ability to withstand competition, flexibility and profit maximization.
Further to this is the observation of Andersen (2001) that enhancement of an organization's communication capabilities may influence performance through improved strategic decision making, better coordination of strategic actions and by facilitating learning from strategic initiatives.
The primary aim of business organization is survival, so to survive, business organization must not only design an effective communication techniques or system but must also make a substantial profit which Drucker (2000) refers to as “the cost of staying in the business” in making sufficient sales volume, a business organization must device a sound communication system which will be used to evaluate their sales performance.
Therefore against this background, this research intends to undertake and examine the impact of effective communication on organization performance in manufacturing industry using Global Soap and Detergent as a case study.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The objective of this study is to critically examine the impact of effective communication on organization performance of manufacturing industry in Nigeria with reference to Global Soap and Detergent, Ilupeju, Lagos. The objectives of this study are as follows:
1. To examine the relationship between effective communication and sales volume in the manufacturing industry.
2. To determine how effective communication assists manufacturing organization to achieve organizational goals and objectives in dynamic business environment.
3. To examine how effective communication affects profit maximization of manufacturing company.
4. To determine the contributions of effective communication on the organization’s productivity.
5. To examine how effective communication improves the manager-employee relation.
6. To determine the importance of effective communication in influencing employees to perform better.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
These are the research questions for this study:
1. How does effective communication assists an organization increase its sales volume?
2. To what extent does communication assists manufacturing organization to achieve its goals and objectives in dynamic business environment?
3. Does effective communications has significant effect on profit maximization of manufacturing company?
4. How does effective communication contributes to organization productivity?
5. To what extent does effective communication improves the manager-employee relation?
6. Does effective communication influences employees to perform better?
1.5 RESEARCH HYPOTHESES
H0: Effective communication does not have positive impacts on sales volume of Global Soap and Detergent.
H1: Effective communication has significant impacts on sales volume of Global Soap and Detergent
Ho: Effective communication does not contribute positively to organization’s productivity.
H1: Effective communication contributes positively to organization’s productivity.
Ho: Effective communication does not have significant impacts on organization profit maximization.
H1: Effective communication has significant impacts on organization profit maximization.
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The ultimate aim of communication is to develop management in pursuit of excellent. More over the outcome of this study could be employed both in manufacturing industries and service sector, which will enable them to device a good communication system that will foster their sales volume and enhance their sales output.
Effective communication will also be of great importance to business organization by enabling them to determine whether their sales performances are up to expected target. It will also be of advantage to academics, as it will serve as foundation toward greater in-depth and critical evaluation of effective communication in an organization.
1.7 SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The scope of this study focused on the impacts of effective communication on organizational performance in Global Soap and Detergent, Ilupeju, Lagos. This project also covered the concept of effective communication and its elements, conceptual framework on communication, theoretical framework of communication, communication efficiency, communication flow in the industry and benefits of sound communication.
This study could have included other aspects of communication but there was limited time available on the part of the researcher to carry out an extensive investigation and high cost of acquiring needed materials. Another constraint which served as limiting factor was the unwillingness of the executives in the organization to release their vital information without the approval of the management.
1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS
The researcher compiled some key terms used in this study which may be distinct from their conventional meaning.
Communication: The process by which ideas, feeling and information is expressed from one person to persons or between person to persons.
Effective: Adequate to accomplish a purpose; producing the intended or expected result.
Efficient: Performing or functioning in the best possible manner with the least waste of time and effort.
Conflict: This can be defined as emotional or physical struggle when two or more people are competing for the same resources, activities or goals which only one of them can achieve expense of other.
Sales: is defined as the pinnacle activity involved in selling product or services in return for money or other compensation. It is an act of completion of a commercial activity.
Employees: Longman dictionary of contemporary English (2001) sees employees as those who are paid to work for someone else.
Management: It is an act and science of getting things done through others.
Performance: Armstrong (2001) sees performance as the record of outcomes achieved.
Manufacturing: The process of converting raw materials, components, or parts into finished goods that meet a customer's expectations or specifications. Manufacturing commonly employs a man-machine setup with division of labor in a large scale production.
Industry: A basic category of business activity. The term industry is sometimes used to describe a very precise business activity (e.g. semiconductors) or a more generic business activity (e.g. consumer durables). If a participates in multiple business activities, it is usually considered to be in the industry in which most of its revenues are derived.
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