EFFECT OF TEACHERS QUALIFICATION ON THE SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS PERFORMANCE IN GEOGRAPHY IN EXTERNAL EXAMINATION IN KAJOLA LOCAL GOVERNMENT


EFFECT OF TEACHERS QUALIFICATION ON THE SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS PERFORMANCE IN GEOGRAPHY IN EXTERNAL EXAMINATION IN KAJOLA LOCAL GOVERNMENT  

ABSTRACT

This research work was set out to investigate the effect of teachers’ qualification on the secondary school students’ performance in Geography in External examination Kajola local government area of Oyo State. The variable considered are qualified and unqualified teacher to measure students academic performance. Qualified Geography Teachers: These are the teachers who possesses professional certificate [B.ED] in geography, NCE in geography B.Sc geography with PGDE also qualifies for this category. Unqualified Geography teacher: These are teachers who do not possess specific professional teaching qualification in geography or related subjects.

 The population of this study comprised of all geography students in all secondary schools in Kajola Local Government. The target population for the study comprised all the geography students in the selected five (5) secondary schools. The study sample was made up of one hundred (100) students randomly selected with twenty (20) students from each school. The stratified random techniques was used to select the respondents for the study. The instrument for data collection was a 25 item researcher self designed questionnaire. The data collected were analyses using frequency count for the respondents personal data while statistics of chi-square was used to analyses the research questions and research hypothesis respectively. The instrument was validated with the help of experts and my supervisor. The reliability was determined using test retest method and co-efficient valve of 0.67 was obtained.

The study of the findings showed that; (a) Schools with qualified geography teachers are more likely to record better students academic performance in geography in external examination (b) Teaching and learning of geography are made easy in the schools with qualified geography teachers (c) Acquisition of knowledge and skills are better developed in schools with qualified geography teachers (d) Students level of readiness are more likely to be high and encouraging in schools with qualified geography teachers (e) Level of students participation in schools with qualified geography teachers will be higher.

Based on the results of the findings, conclusion were drawn that: 

Thorough screening need to be conducted before appointing teachers; Qualified teachers who are ready to work must be appointed to schools; Secondary school teachers must be academically articulate in has area of specialization as this will encourage the students to learn easily; Teachers must be effective and efficient in his/her subject delivery; Teaching and learning must cater for students individuation principles. Suggestion for further study, further researches can be carried out in other parts of the state and outside the state to ascertain not only the effect of teachers qualification on the secondary school students performance in geography in external examination in Kajola Local Government  alone but also to know how available the qualified geography teachers are in the schools. 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page i

Certification ii

Dedication iii

Acknowledgement iv

Abstract vi

Table of Contents vii

CHAPTER ONE 

Introduction 

Background to the study

Statement of the problem 

Purpose of the study

Significance of the study 

Research hypothesis 

Scope of the study

Definition of terms 

CHAPTER TWO 

LITERATURE REVIEW

Teachers attributes in the teaching and learning of geography

Teachers education for knowledge up grading

Students performances in secondary school geography

Secondary school education 

Determination in teaching and learning of Geography 

Summary and contribution 

CHAPTER THREE 

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design 

Population, Sample and sampling Techniques  

Instrumentation

Procedure for data collection

Data analysis Techniques 

CHAPTER FOUR

RESULT AND FINDINGS 

Data Analysis and presentation of Result

CHAPTER FIVE

DISCUSSION, RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSION

Discussions 

Conclusions

Recommendation

Suggestion for further research work 

References 

Appendix

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Background to the Study

Teachers as key stakeholders in the education system have their roles that are promotives of academic excellence teaching refers to what one person does to pass on some knowledge he/she has (acquired through learning and experienced to some other person(s) lacking the knowledge such individual who imparted some knowledge is generally called a teacher while those to whom the knowledge is imparted are called learners (Emervwa, 1999:3).

There are cries from various quarters concerning poor performance of students in secondary school certificate examination (SSCE) and the general fall in standard of education without taking cognizance of those factors that contribute to the poor performance of the students and general decline in standard of education, many people blame the government and the students but fail to address the issue of teachers qualification congested classroom non availability of physical facilities unstimulating environment to learning and many other socio-economic defects that affect the students performance in education negatively.

Several government policy on education and implementation of such policy had brought various setbacks to the academic performances of the student in various subjects learnt in secondary schools. One of such subject includes geography.

Statement of the Problem 

It is evident that educational system of Nigeria is in shamble.For any country to achieve all round development, educational system has to be well manage. Moreover the development of any country depends upon the quantity and the quality of its human resources. And one of the factors of developing human resources is education, it is therefore important to look at the factor responsible for the break down in educational system.

Tamakloe (2006) asserted that despite the rational for teaching geography to attained the overall educational goals in secondary school syllabus, the overall problem is that the main factors currently influencing students performance in geography as one of the elective subjects in the secondary school curriculum has not been explored adequately. Other studies have been investigated relating to the problems facing the teaching and learning of geography in Nigerian secondary school. The work of Farront (2000} emphasized that the identified problems include the lack of proper identification of geography orientation, shortage of geography teachers, lack of students attitude towards the leaning of geography, inadequate provision of materials   resources for teaching and learning of geography as well as teachers use of expository methods.As a result of this, this study investigates on effect of teachers qualification on the secondary school students performance in geography in external examination in Kajola Local Government, Oyo State

Purpose of the study

The main purpose of this study is to investigate effect of teachers qualification on the secondary school student performance in geography in external examination in Kajola Local Government Oyo State.

The specific objectives of the study are to;

1. Identify the significant differences in students academic performances in schools with qualified Geography teachers and schools without qualified geography teachers.

2. Find out if there is significant difference in the teaching and learning of geography in schools with qualified Geography teachers and schools without qualified geography teachers

3. Find out if there is  significant difference in the acquisition of knowledge and skills in schools with qualified Geography teachers and schools without qualified geography teachers

4. Find out if there is significant difference in the level of student readiness in schools with qualified Geography teachers and in schools without qualified geography teachers 

5. Find out if there is significant difference in the level of student participation in schools with qualified Geography teachers and in schools without qualified geography teachers

Research Questions

The following are the research question for this study:

1. What are the significant differences in students academic performances in schools with qualified Geography teachers and schools without qualified geography teachers.

2. Is there any significant difference in the teaching and learning of geography in schools with qualified Geography teachers and schools without qualified geography teachers

3. Is there any  significant difference in the acquisition of knowledge and skills in schools with qualified Geography teachers and schools without qualified geography teachers

4. Is there any significant difference in the level of student readiness in schools with qualified Geography teachers and in schools without qualified geography teachers 

5. Do we have any significant difference in the level of student participation in schools with qualified Geography teachers and in schools without qualified geography teachers 

Research Hypothesis

The following are the research hypothesis for the study

Ho1: There is no significant differences in students academic performances in schools with qualified Geography teachers and schools without qualified geography teachers. 

Ho2: There is no significant difference in the teaching and learning of geography in schools with qualified Geography teachers and schools without qualified geography teachers

Ho3: There isno  significant difference in the acquisition of knowledge and skills in schools with qualified Geography teachers and schools without qualified geography teachers.

Ho4: There is no significant difference in the level of student readiness in schools with qualified Geography teachers and in schools without qualified geography teachers.

Ho5.: There is no significant difference in the level of student participation in schools with qualified Geography teachers and in schools without qualified geography teachers

Scope of the Study 

This study will be confirmed to find out the effects of teacher qualification on the secondary schools students performance in geography  in external examination in kajola local Government, Oyo state. The total population of the study  is all students offering geography in secondary school in Kajola Local Government. 100 geography students would be randomly selected from public schools in Kajola. 

The schools are:

1. A.D.S. Grammar School, Okeho

2. Iwa Community Grammar School, Ayetoro-Oke

3. Baptist High School, Ilero

4. Isemi-ile Grammar School, Isemi-Ile

5. Ilua Community Grammar School, Ilua.

Significance of the Study

This study is most significant in various area of academic endavours:

It serves as search light to the progress of effective teaching and learning of geography in secondary schools.It gives rooms to analysethe problems and difficulties faced in the teaching and learning of Geography in secondary schools. It creates awareness in measuring the level of teacher performance and academic achievements among students offering geography  in secondary schools.It serves as a link to gather necessary information on the means to attain better teaching and learning of geography in secondary school.

Operational Definition of Terms

Teaching: Teaching refers to activities of educating or instructing. Activities that impact knowledge or skill.

Education: education is all round development of individual to live a ware while life in the society in which he/she belongs.

Academic excellence- This can be referred to as the qualitative and quantitative transformation of an individual through learning.

Geography :Geography is the study of the earth  and its features and of the distribution of life on the earth, including human life and the effects of human activity 

Teachers :A teacher is a person who delivers an educational program assesses student participation in an educational program and / or administers or provides consistent and substantial leadership to an educational program.

Qualification:A pass of an examination or an official completion of a course especially one conferring status as a course especially one conferring status as a recognized practitioner of a profession or activity.

Something that is added to a statement to limit or change its effect or meaning.

 Qualified Geography Teachers: These are the teachers who possesses professional certificate [ B.ED] in geography, NCE in geography B.Sc geography with PGDE also qualifies for this category

Unqualified Geography teacher: These are teachers who do not possess specific professional teaching qualification in geography or related subjects.

Secondary Education: A school for children between the ages of 11 and 16 or 18 A school intermediate between elementary educated at a school.

Student:A learner who is enrolled in an educational institution. A learned person (Especially in the humanities) someone who by long study has grained mastery in one or more disciplines.

Performance: The accomplishment of a given taskmeasured against preset known standards of accuracy completeness cost and speed in a contract performance which demand the fulfillment of an obligation in a manner that release the performer  from all liabilities under the contract.

External Examination: An examination arranged by people outside a students own school, college, or university.

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